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Endometrial biopsy is a technique of removing a piece of tissue from the inner lining of the uterus. The sample of tissue is analyzed under a microscope in the laboratory by a pathologist, a doctor with special training in diagnosis of diseases based upon tissue examination.
It is often done without anesthesia. Some people don’t have any discomfort at all, most people will have uterine cramping but in retrospect not worth taking out time extra time for it to have been done under anesthesia.
It is very unusual for a patient to need a general anesthetic for a procedure of this nature. However, I have known it happen occasionally, for example, if the patient is very anxious or if she has special needs.
Endometrial biopsy requires cervical dilatation. Such dilatation is indeed very painful and causes deep neurogenic shock. The procedure is short, but mostly painless, except for the part requiring cervical dilatation. A skilled gynecologist may dilate the cervix minimally, yet the pain is still intense, deep and visceral. Furthermore, anesthesia alleviates or at least reduces the embarrassment accompanying the procedure.